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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский онкологический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1028-9984</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-9119</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">105514</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/onco105514</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Risk factors for thyroid cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Факторы риска развития рака щитовидной железы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1080-5294</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1161-8387</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lazarev</surname><given-names>Aleksandr F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лазарев</surname><given-names>Александр Федорович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><email>lazarev@akzs.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zayarova</surname><given-names>Irina M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>Ирина Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирантка</p></bio><email>zaxarova270494@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7169-9646</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2941-6649</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>Valentina D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>Валентина Дмитриевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><email>valent_04@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Altai State Medical University (ASMU)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Алтайский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2022-10-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-08-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>08</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>129</fpage><lpage>144</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-03-28"><day>28</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-09-01"><day>01</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2024-08-15"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjonco.com/1028-9984/article/view/105514">https://rjonco.com/1028-9984/article/view/105514</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common tumor among endocrine malignant neoplasms all over the world. Over the past 20 years, there has been not only an increase in the indicators of true morbidity (not associated with active detection) of TC, but also the absence of a decrease in mortality and disability in this pathology. The identification of causal factors is important for clinical and scientific purposes, as it is the main requirement for the development of preventive measures and early diagnosis, forecasting the dynamics of the incidence of TC. The article provides an overview of known risk factors for the development of TC using sources of foreign and domestic literature, where preference is given to the results of large-scale scientific research. The article presents a wide range of causes of the development of TC: ionizing radiation, genetic factors, dietary characteristics, background diseases, and others.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Рак щитовидной железы (РЩЖ) является самой распространённой опухолью среди эндокринных злокачественных новообразований (ЗНО) во всём мире. За последние 20 лет имеет место не только увеличение показателей истинной заболеваемости (не связанной с активной выявляемостью) РЩЖ, но и отсутствие снижения показателей смертности и инвалидности при данной патологии. Выявление причинно-следственных факторов является чрезвычайно важным для клинических и научных целей, т. к. это основное неотложное требование для разработки мероприятий профилактики и ранней диагностики, прогнозирования динамики заболеваемости РЩЖ. В статье приводится обзор известных факторов риска развития РЩЖ с использованием источников зарубежной и отечественной литературы, где предпочтение отдано результатам широкомасштабных научных исследований. В статье представлен широкий спектр причин развития РЩЖ: ионизирующее излучение, генетические факторы, особенности рациона, фоновые заболевания и другие.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>thyroid cancer</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>review</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак щитовидной железы</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>обзор</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Рукопись подготовлена и опубликована за счёт финансирования по месту работы авторов.</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">The manuscript was prepared and published at the expense of funding at the place of work of the authors</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Deng Y, Li H, Wang M, Li N, et al. 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