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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский онкологический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1028-9984</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-9119</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">107155</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/1028-9984-2021-26-2-57-64</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The evolution of modern notions about bladder cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эволюция современного представления о раке мочевого пузыря</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0979-6909</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yurchenko</surname><given-names>Artem A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юрченко</surname><given-names>Артем Анатольевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>likebrando@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0887-0081</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6308-6260</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Firsov</surname><given-names>Mikhail A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фирсов</surname><given-names>Михаил Анатольевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><email>firsma@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7210-3020</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3632-8415</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zukov</surname><given-names>Ruslan A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зуков</surname><given-names>Руслан Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><email>zukov_rus@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3787-3126</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2097-0304</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Slepov</surname><given-names>Evgeny V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Слепов</surname><given-names>Евгений Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Biol.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.биол.н.</p></bio><email>slepov99@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Krasnoyarsk Clinical Regional Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">КГБУЗ «Красноярская краевая клиническая больница»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Красноярский государственный медицинский университет имени профессора В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary named after A.I.Kryzhanovsky RSBHE</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">КГБУЗ «Красноярский краевой клинический онкологический диспансер имени А.И. Крыжановского»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-04-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>57</fpage><lpage>64</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-05-06"><day>06</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-06-23"><day>23</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Yurchenko A.A., Firsov M.A., Zukov R.A., Slepov E.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Юрченко А.А., Фирсов М.А., Зуков Р.А., Слепов Е.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yurchenko A.A., Firsov M.A., Zukov R.A., Slepov E.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Юрченко А.А., Фирсов М.А., Зуков Р.А., Слепов Е.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2024-04-15"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjonco.com/1028-9984/article/view/107155">https://rjonco.com/1028-9984/article/view/107155</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The review details the evolution in the researchers’ perspective of bladder cancer over the past five decades. The history of the study, pathogenesis, etiology, and the clinical significance of urinary bladder are briefly discussed. The review presents currently prominent theories regarding the pathogenesis of urinary bladder neoplasms and the foundational research in this field. The article briefly discusses the molecular changes the development of bladder cancer and studies of the urine microbiome during oncogenesis</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В обзоре отражены изменения, произошедшие в представлении исследователей рака мочевого пузыря за последние 50 лет. Произведён краткий экскурс в историю исследования, патогенез, этиологию, клиническую значимость уротелиального рака. Рассмотрены главенствующие в данный момент теории патогенеза опухолей уротелия, работы и исследования, на которые они опираются. Затронуты вопросы молекулярного изменения при развитии рака мочевого пузыря, исследования микробиома мочи при онкогенезе.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bladder cancer</kwd><kwd>urinary bladder neoplasms</kwd><kwd>etiology of urinary bladder neoplasms</kwd><kwd>theory of carcinogenesis</kwd><kwd>epidemiology of bladder cancer</kwd><kwd>molecular carcinogenesis</kwd><kwd>urinary bladder</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак мочевого пузыря</kwd><kwd>опухоли мочевого пузыря</kwd><kwd>этиология опухолей мочевого пузыря</kwd><kwd>теории канцерогенеза</kwd><kwd>эпидемиология рака мочевого пузыря</kwd><kwd>молекулярный канцерогенез</kwd><kwd>уротелиальный рак</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Assotsiatsiya onkologov Rossii. Klinicheskie rekomendatsii. Rak mochevogo puzyrya. 2020. 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