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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский онкологический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1028-9984</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-9119</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">107182</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/onco107182</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">MiR-155-5p-mediated increase in p53 content induced by dacarbazine in melanoma cells</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Опосредованное miR-155-5p повышение содержания р53 в клетках меланомы, индуцируемое дакарбазином</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4104-5785</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dashkova</surname><given-names>Daria A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дашкова</surname><given-names>Дарья Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dashkova_dasha2001@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6363-5941</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4261-2987</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Esimbekova</surname><given-names>Aleksandra R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Есимбекова</surname><given-names>Александра Рашидовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>aleksandra.esimbekova.96@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9868-5017</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotova</surname><given-names>Kseniya V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котова</surname><given-names>Ксения Витальевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>ksuhry@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8142-4283</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5412-2148</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ruksha</surname><given-names>Tatiana G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рукша</surname><given-names>Татьяна Геннадьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><email>tatyana_ruksha@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Красноярский государственный медицинский университет имени профессора В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2022-10-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-03-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-05-07"><day>07</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-07-15"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Dashkova D.A., Esimbekova A.R., Kotova K.V., Ruksha T.G.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Дашкова Д.А., Есимбекова А.Р., Котова К.В., Рукша Т.Г.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dashkova D.A., Esimbekova A.R., Kotova K.V., Ruksha T.G.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дашкова Д.А., Есимбекова А.Р., Котова К.В., Рукша Т.Г.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-03-08"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjonco.com/1028-9984/article/view/107182">https://rjonco.com/1028-9984/article/view/107182</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>BACKGROUND: </italic></bold>Cellular senescence is a stress response, triggered by various stimuli such as chemotherapy treatment and causes G<sub>0</sub>/G<sub>1</sub> cell cycle arrest followed by the production of a senescence associated secretory phenotype. p53 considered to be a modulator of these events although the precise mechanisms of it remains not clear.</p> <p><bold><italic>AIMS: </italic></bold>To determine the non-apoptotic functions of the p53 protein — the formation of the senescence associated secretory phenotype phenotype of melanoma cells under the treatment of the cytostatic agent dacarbazine.</p> <p><bold><italic>MATERIALS AND METHODS: </italic></bold>The study was conducted on BRO and SK-MEL-2 skin melanoma cell lines. Melanoma cells were were treated by cytostatic agent dacarbazine. Then immunocytochemical study was performed to determine the proportion of G<sub>0</sub>-positive cells and the expression of the tumor suppressor protein p53. A bioinformatic analysis was accomplished to identify for p53 regulators with determining of miR-155-5p levels in exosomes released by dacarbazine-treated melanoma cells.</p> <p><bold><italic>RESULTS:</italic></bold> The cytostatic drug dacarbazine increases the proportion of cells residing in the G<sub>0</sub> phase of the cell cycle. Onco-microRNA miR-155-5p was expressed in the exosomes of the two studied cell lines BRO and SK-MEL-2 of skin melanoma. Changes in the expression level of p53 correlate with changes in miR-155-5p microRNA expression. The absence of changes in p53 expression in BRO melanoma cells may be due to the absence of changes in miR-155-5p expression levels. In the BRO cell line, no changes in the expression of the oncosuppressor p53 were observed with an increased percentage of G<sub>0</sub>-positive cells, which may be associated with the activation of other mechanisms of cell cycle arrest in the G<sub>0</sub>/G<sub>1</sub> phase.</p> <p><bold><italic>CONCLUSIONS: </italic></bold>Heterogeneous effect of the cytostatic agent dacarbazine on melanoma cells was revealed. For the SK-MEL-2 cell line, dacarbazine induces the release of senescence associated secretory phenotype by inhibiting exosomal production of miR-155-5p, which activates the p53 oncosuppressor, which was not observed in the BRO line.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold><italic>Обоснование. </italic></bold>Процесс старения клеток представляет собой реакцию на стресс, возникающую, например, в результате воздействия химиотерапевтическими препаратами, которая вызывает остановку клеточного цикла в фазе G<sub>0</sub>/G<sub>1</sub> и индуцирует многочисленные изменения, в том числе продукцию секреторного фенотипа, ассоциированного со старением. Известны индукторы таких изменений, одним из которых является онкосупрессор p53, однако механизмы реализации данных процессов остаются не до конца изученными.</p> <p><bold><italic>Цель.</italic></bold> Определить механизмы реализации неапоптотических функций белка p53 при воздействии цитостатическим агентом дакарбазином на клетки меланомы.</p> <p><bold><italic>Материалы и методы.</italic></bold> Исследование проводили на клеточных линиях меланомы кожи BRO и SK-MEL-2. Клетки меланомы инкубировали с цитостатическим препаратом дакарбазином, после чего выполняли иммуноцитохимическое исследование для определения доли G<sub>0</sub>-положительных клеток и уровня экспрессии белка опухолевого супрессора p53. Для выявления механизмов регуляции активности p53 были выполнены биоинформатический анализ и оценка уровня экспрессии экзосомальной микроРНК miR-155-5p, геном-мишенью которой является p53.</p> <p><bold><italic>Результаты. </italic></bold>Цитостатический препарат дакарбазин увеличивает долю клеток, находящихся в G<sub>0</sub>-фазе клеточного цикла. Онко-микроРНК miR-155-5p экспрессировалась в экзосомах двух исследуемых клеточных линий меланомы BRO и SK-MEL-2, что подтверждает её наличие в экзосомах, высвобождаемых опухолевыми клетками. Изменения уровня экспрессии p53 коррелируют с изменениями экспрессии miR-155-5p: не было выявлено изменений уровня miR-155-5p и её гена-мишени р53 в BRO, а повышение доли G<sub>0</sub>-положительных клеток может быть связано с активацией других механизмов ареста клеточного цикла в фазе G<sub>0</sub>/G<sub>1</sub>. Напротив, в SK-MEL-2 повышение уровня р53 происходило на фоне снижения экспрессии miR-155-5p, что косвенно подтверждает функционирование р53 в качестве гена-мишени данной микроРНК.</p> <p><bold><italic>Заключение.</italic></bold> Выявлено разнородное влияние цитостатического препарата дакарбазина на биологическое поведение клеток меланомы. В клетках SK-MEL-2 дакарбазин ингибирует miR-155-5p, что активирует онкосупрессор p53, чего не наблюдалось в линии BRO.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>melanoma</kwd><kwd>microRNAs</kwd><kwd>exosomes</kwd><kwd>p53</kwd><kwd>cellular senescence</kwd><kwd>miR-155-5p</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>меланома</kwd><kwd>микроРНК</kwd><kwd>экзосомы</kwd><kwd>p53</kwd><kwd>клеточное старение</kwd><kwd>miR-155-5p</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный фонд</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Science Foundation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>19-15-00110</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ferlay J, Colombet M, Soerjomataram I, et al. 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