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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский онкологический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1028-9984</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-9119</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">40339</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18821/1028-9984-2017-22-2-60-65</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">MUTATIONAL STATUS AND SOME CLINICO-MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF CUTANEOUS MELANOMA</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>МУТАНТНЫЙ СТАТУС И НЕКОТОРЫЕ КЛИНИКО-МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ МЕЛАНОМЫ КОЖИ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mazurenko</surname><given-names>N. N</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мазуренко</surname><given-names>Наталья Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, проф., заведующая лабораторией онкогеномики НИИ канцерогенеза.</p></bio><email>nnmazurenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsyganova</surname><given-names>I. V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цыганова</surname><given-names>И. В</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lushnikova</surname><given-names>A. A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лушникова</surname><given-names>А. А</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Anurova</surname><given-names>O. A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анурова</surname><given-names>О. А</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponkratova</surname><given-names>D. A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Понкратова</surname><given-names>Д. А</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vikhrova</surname><given-names>A. N</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вихрова</surname><given-names>А. Н</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Utyashev</surname><given-names>I. A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Утяшев</surname><given-names>И. А</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Российский онкологический научный центр им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2017-04-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 22, NO2 (2017)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 22, №2 (2017)</issue-title><fpage>60</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-07-22"><day>22</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2017, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2017, ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjonco.com/1028-9984/article/view/40339">https://rjonco.com/1028-9984/article/view/40339</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Cutaneous melanoma is characterized by molecular heterogeneity. The work is devoted to the analysis of mutational status of genes involved in MAPK signaling in primary and metastatic cutaneous melanoma for the detection of tumor sensitivity to the specific targeted therapy as well as possible links of genetic alterations in cutaneous melanoma with some clinical and morphological features. BRAF, NRAS and KIT mutations were found in 60.6%, 13.8% and 1% of cutaneous melanoma cases correspondingly. Mutational status of cutaneous melanoma is differed depending on tumor localization, chronic UV insolation and patients’ age. Thus the rate of the BRAF mutation in melanomas of trunk and extremities (64.7%) was higher than in melanomas of face and head (42.8%). The rate of BRAF mutation was shown to be not associated with pigmentation and tumor growth while NRAS mutation frequency in amelanotic melanoma was lower and in noddle melanoma - higher if compared with pigmented cutaneous melanoma in the radial growth phase. The trend in the association of mutations with melanoma histological type was shown for the first time, the highest rate of BRAF mutation was found in epithelioid melanoma. The obtained results are important for the treatment of cutaneous melanoma as mutational status determines the sensitivity of metastatic melanoma to specific targeted therapy in patients with BRAF, NRAS and KIT mutations.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Меланома кожи характеризуется молекулярной гетерогенностью. Работа посвящена анализу мутаций генов, активирующих MAPK-сигнальный путь (mitogen-activated proteinkinase - митогенактивируемая протеинкиназа), в образцах первичной и метастатической меланомы кожи с целью определения чувствительности к препаратам таргетной терапии и выявления возможной ассоциации генетических данных с некоторыми клинико-морфологическими характеристиками пациентов. Мутации генов BRAF, NRAS и KIT выявлены соответственно в 60,6; 13,8 и 1% случаев меланомы кожи. Мутантный статус меланомы различался в зависимости от локализации опухоли, хронической УФ-инсоляции и возраста пациента. Так, частота мутаций BRAF в меланоме туловища и конечностей (64,7%) выше, чем в меланоме лица и головы (42,8%). Показано, что частота мутации BRAF не зависит от пигментации и фазы роста меланомы. В то же время частота мутации NRAS ниже в беспигментных и выше в узловых меланомах, чем в пигментированных поверхностно-распространяющихся меланомах. Впервые показана ассоциация мутантного статуса с определенным гистологическим типом опухоли; наиболее высокая частота мутаций BRAF выявлена в эпителиоидноклеточной меланоме. Полученные результаты важны для лечения метастатической меланомы кожи, поскольку мутантный статус определяет чувствительность к таргетной терапии пациентов с мутациями BRAF, NRAS и KIT.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>primary and metastatic melanoma</kwd><kwd>cutaneous melanoma</kwd><kwd>amelanotic</kwd><kwd>noddle melanoma</kwd><kwd>BRAF</kwd><kwd>NRAS and KIT mutations</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>меланома кожи</kwd><kwd>первичная, метастатическая, беспигментная, узловая меланома</kwd><kwd>гистологические типы</kwd><kwd>мутации BRAF, NRAS, KIT</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Мазуренко Н.Н. Молекулярно-генетические факторы и маркеры меланомы. В кн: Кушлинский Н.Е., Мазуренко Н.Н., Немцова М.В. (ред.) Молекулярно-генетические маркеры опухолей. 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