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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский онкологический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1028-9984</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-9119</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">42970</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18821/1028-9984-2019-24-1-2-32-38</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">CLINICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF EARLY GASTRIC CANCER AND ASSESSMENT OF PROGNOSTIC FACTORS OF LYMPHOGENIC METASTASIS. (LITERATURE REVIEW)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>КЛИНИКО-МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ РАННЕГО РАКА ЖЕЛУДКА И ОЦЕНКА ФАКТОРОВ ПРОГНОЗА ЛИМФОГЕННОГО МЕТАСТАЗИРОВАНИЯ (ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mochalnikova</surname><given-names>Valeria V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мочальникова</surname><given-names>Валерия Васильевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>pathologist, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia, 115478, Moscow, Russian Federation</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-патологоанатом, «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Министерства здравоохранения РФ, 115478, Москва</p></bio><email>Mochalnikova70@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Perevochsikov</surname><given-names>A. G</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перевощиков</surname><given-names>А. Г</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">«Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-04-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>1-2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 24, NO1-2 (2019)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 24, №1-2 (2019)</issue-title><fpage>32</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-08-24"><day>24</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjonco.com/1028-9984/article/view/42970">https://rjonco.com/1028-9984/article/view/42970</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>To determine the strategy of treatment of EGC in the world today indications for endoscopic resection, proposed by JGCA, is being used. These indications are presented by a number of morphological factors of the EGC, which are correlate with a low level of lymphogenic metastasis. Not all of the medical centers think these indications are safe. There are publications that question the value of these morphological factors, as well as the heterogeneity of the assessment. Also, in addition to the generally recognized indications for ER JGCA, the researchers proposed other algorithms for the selection of EGS patients with low risk of metastasis to perform ER. These methods were developed using regional standards for different ethnic groups and based on different prognostic parameters. In our review, publications in well-known medical journals in English found through computer search were investigated to study the ways of measuring morphological factors and the safety of jgca readings to ER. The search included such terms as “early gastric cancer”, “prognostic factors”,” lymphogenic metastasis”,” endoscopic resection of the PANCREAS “and “absolute and extended indications for endoscopic resection”. The review includs 60 original studies and meta-analyses. In the original studies, the correlation of demographic and morphological characteristics of the tumor and metastatic process were studied, the variants and methods of evaluation of morphological factors were investigated. The meta-analyses researched the correlation between ER and BREAST surgery, compared the level of safety of absolute and relative criteria of endoscopic resection.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Для определения стратегии лечения раннего рака желудка (РРЖ) в настоящее время в мировой практике используются показания к эндоскопической резекции (ЭР), предложенные JGCA. Эти показания представлены рядом морфологических факторов РРЖ, которые коррелируют с низким уровнем лимфогенного метастазирования. Не все медицинские центры считают эти показания безопасными. Существуют публикации, подвергающие сомнению ценность этих морфологических факторов, а также неоднородность оценки. Также кроме общепризнанных показаний к ЭР JGCA исследователями были предложены другие алгоритмы отбора больных РРЖ с низким риском метастазирования для выполнения ЭР. Эти методы разрабатывались с использованием региональных стандартов на различных этнических группах и основывались на различных прогностических параметрах. В нашем обзоре для изучения способов измерения морфологических факторов и безопасности показаний JGCA к ЭР были исследованы публикации в известных медицинских журналах на английском языке через компьютерный поиск. Поиск включал такие термины, как «ранний рак желудка», «прогностические факторы», «лимфогенное метастазирование», «эндоскопическая резекция РРЖ» и «абсолютные и расширенные показания к эндоскопической резекции». В обзор вошло 60 оригинальных исследований и метаанализов. В оригинальных исследованиях изучались корреляции демографических и морфологических характеристик опухоли и метастатического процесса, исследовались варианты и способы оценки морфологических факторов. В метаанализах исследовались корреляции результатов ЭР и хирургических операций РРЖ, сравнивался уровень безопасности абсолютных и относительных критериев эндоскопической резекции.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>early gastric cancer</kwd><kwd>prognostic factors</kwd><kwd>meta-analysis</kwd><kwd>absolute and extended criteria for endoscopic resection</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ранний рак желудка</kwd><kwd>факторы прогноза</kwd><kwd>метаанализ</kwd><kwd>абсолютные и расширенные критерии к эндоскопической резекции</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Ferlay J., Steliarova-Foucher E., Lortet-Tieulent J., Rosso S., Coebergh J.W., Comber H., et al. Cancer incidence and mortality patterns in Europe: estimates for 40 countries in 2012. Eur. J. Cancer. 2013; 49: 1374-403.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Japanese Gastric Cancer Association. 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