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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский онкологический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1028-9984</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-9119</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">59330</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/1028-9984-2020-25-4-136-145</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Clinical investigations</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клинические исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Results of the surgical treatment of primary skin melanoma depending on the method of tumor excision and options for closing the surgical defect</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Результаты хирургического лечения первичной меланомы кожи в зависимости от способа иссечения опухоли и вариантов закрытия операционного дефекта</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5252-7179</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yargunin</surname><given-names>Sergei A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яргунин</surname><given-names>Сергей Анатольевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, the Head of the Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заведующий отделением</p></bio><email>sdocer@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5253-4325</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shoykhet</surname><given-names>Ya. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шойхет</surname><given-names>Я. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>sdocer@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1080-5294</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lazarev</surname><given-names>A. F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лазарев</surname><given-names>А. Ф.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>sdocer@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Krasnodar cancer center No.1</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Краснодарский онкологический диспансер № 1» Министерства здравоохранения Краснодарского края</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Altay State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Алтайский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-08-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>136</fpage><lpage>145</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-01-26"><day>26</day><month>01</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-01-26"><day>26</day><month>01</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2023-12-15"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjonco.com/1028-9984/article/view/59330">https://rjonco.com/1028-9984/article/view/59330</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><italic>The aim of the study was to analyze the results of the surgical treatment of patients with primary skin melanoma (SM) according to the location of the primary tumor, the type of incision, and the method of suturing the postoperative defect.</italic></p> <p><bold>Material and methods.</bold><italic> Patients with primary SM, treated in 2013 (n = 337) were studied; these patients were randomized into two groups using the method of blind selection to the main (n = 182) comparisons (n = 155) (after removal of the tumor, simple linear wound closure was performed).</italic></p> <p><bold>Results.</bold><italic> In patients with localized forms of SM, it was found necessary to perform a round incision when the tumor is localized on the trunk and an elliptical incision when localized on the extremities, followed by plastic replacement in all cases. In stage III patients with any tumor localization, the type of incision and suturing of the defect was not of fundamental importance.</italic></p> <p><bold>Discussion.</bold><italic> It was revealed that patients with tumor on the trunk after rounded incision and plastic surgery had an advantage in progression-free survival (PFS) at all stages before an elliptical incision without plastic surgery during the entire observation period (12–36–60 months) by 18.8%–23%, 8%–26.5% (p ˂ 0.050). Patients with localized forms of melanoma from stage 0 to IIc over the entire follow-up period of 12–36–60 months had the greatest benefit in PFS from a round incision with plastic before conventional suturing without plastic surgery: from stage 0 to IIa by 22.0%–31.8%–32.0%, from stage IIb to IIc by 35.6%–28.5%–34.8%. In overall survival (OS), only patients with a rounded incision and plastic surgery in the initial stages of the disease stage 0 to IIa up to 36 and 60 months benefited by 24.4% and 29.3%, respectively. Compared with patients who underwent simple excision on the trunk, patients with stage IIb–IIc with elliptical incisions and plasty had an advantage in PFS in the long term up to 36–60 months of follow-up by 25.7% and in IDS with stages 0-IIa in the period 12–36 months by 24.4%.</italic></p> <p><italic>With the localization of the primary tumor on the extremities, a statistical difference was revealed with the best indicators in patients with an elliptical incision and plastic surgery in the OS compared to patients with a rounded incision and plastic surgery in the period of 36–60 months by 18.6% and 26.7%, respectively, as well as over patients with a conventional incision without plastic surgery in PFS as a whole in the subgroup at periods up to 36 and 60 months by 26.4% and 29.4% with a tendency to improve this indicator in the long term, as well as better SOS in the long term in these patients with a difference in OS of 19.3% (36–60 months of observation).</italic></p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold><italic> In patients with localized stages (0–IIc), with the localization of the primary SM on the trunk, it is necessary to perform a round excision followed by plasty of the defect with displaced tissues; in addition, it is advisable to have an elliptical incision along the axial line for the limbs, followed by plasty of the defect. In patients with stage III, the shape of the incision and the method of suturing do not play a significant role in PFS and OS.</italic></p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>Целью исследования было</italic> <italic>проанализировать результаты хирургического лечения пациентов с первичной меланомой кожи в зависимости от локализации первичной опухоли, типа разреза и способа ушивания послеоперационного дефекта.</italic></p> <p><bold>Материал и методы.</bold><italic> Исследовались пациенты с первичной меланомой кожи, пролеченные в 2013 г. (n = 337), которые были рандомизированы на 2 группы методом слепого отбора на основную (n = 182), в которой у пациентов операция удаления опухоли заканчивалась пластикой дефекта тканей, и группу сравнения (n = 155) – после удаления опухоли выполнялось простое линейное ушивание раны.</italic></p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold><italic>У</italic><italic> пациентов с локализованными формами меланомы кожи</italic> <italic>установлена необходимость выполнения округлого разреза при локализации опухоли на туловище и эллипсовидного при локализации на конечностях с последующим пластическим замещением во всех случаях. У пациентов III стадии с любой локализацией опухоли тип разреза и ушивания дефекта не имели принципиального значения.</italic></p> <p><bold>Обсуждение. </bold><italic>В</italic><italic>ыявлено, что пациенты с округлым разрезом и пластикой при локализации опухоли на туловище имели преимущество: в выживаемости без прогрессирования по всем стадиям перед эллипсовидным разрезом без пластики на протяжении всего периода наблюдения (12–36–60 мес) на 18,8–23,8–26,5% (р ˂ 0,050). Наибольшую выгоду в выживаемостьи без прогрессирования от округлого разреза с пластикой перед обычным ушиванием без пластики имели пациенты с локализованными формами меланомы с 0 до IIc st за весь период наблюдения 12–36–60 мес: с 0-IIa st на 22,0–31,8–32,0%, со IIb-IIc st на 35,6–28,5–34,8%. В скорректированной меланомоспецифичной общей выживаемости выгоду имели только пациенты с округлым разрезом и пластикой в начальных стадиях болезни 0-IIa до 36 и 60 мес на 24,4 и 29,3% соответственно. Пациенты с IIb-IIc st с эллипсовидными разрезами и пластикой по сравнению с пациентами, которым выполнено простое иссечение на туловище, имели преимущество в ВБП в долгосрочной перспективе до 36–60 мес наблюдения на 25,7%, а в СОВ с 0–IIa st в период 12–36 мес – на 24,4%.</italic></p> <p><italic>При локализации первичной опухоли на конечностях выявлена статистическая разница с лучшими показателями у пациентов с эллипсовидным разрезом и пластикой в СОВ по сравнению с пациентами с округлым разрезом и пластикой в период 36–60 мес на 18,6 и 26,7% соответственно, а также над пациентами с обычным разрезом без пластики в ВБП в целом по подгруппе на сроках до 36 и 60 мес на 26,4 и 29,4% с тенденцией на улучшение этого показателя в отдалëнной перспективе, а также лучшей СОВ в отдалëнной перспективе у этих пациентов с разницей в СОВ на 19,3% (36–60 мес наблюдения).</italic></p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold><italic> У пациентов с локализованными стадиями (0-IIC) при локализации первичной меланомы кожи на туловище необходимо выполнять округлое иссечение с последующей пластикой дефекта перемещëнными тканями, а на конечностях целесообразен эллипсовидный разрез вдоль осевой линии с последующей пластикой дефекта. У пациентов с III st форма разреза и способ ушивания не играют существенной роли в ВБП и СОВ.</italic></p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>skin melanoma</kwd><kwd>surgical treatment</kwd><kwd>plastic defect replacement</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>меланома кожи</kwd><kwd>хирургическое лечение</kwd><kwd>пластическое замещение дефекта</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Agarwala S.S. An update on pegylated IFN-α2b for the adjuvant treatment of melanoma // Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2012. Vol. 12. N 11. P. 1449–1459. DOI: 10.1586/era.12.120.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Eggermont A.M., Gore M. Randomized adjuvant therapy trials in melanoma: surgical and systemic // Semin Oncol. 2007. Vol. 34. N 6. P. 509–515.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Zitelli J.A., Brown C.D., Hanusa B.H. 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