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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский онкологический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1028-9984</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-9119</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">59331</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/1028-9984-2020-25-4-154-160</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Evolution of surgical treatment of vulvar cancer: a literature review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эволюция хирургического лечения рака вульвы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3734-2779</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Menshikov</surname><given-names>Konstantin V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меньшиков</surname><given-names>Константин Викторович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, oncologist, Associate Professor </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., врач-онколог, доцент</p></bio><email>kmenshikov80@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Bashkir State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-08-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>154</fpage><lpage>160</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-01-26"><day>26</day><month>01</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-01-26"><day>26</day><month>01</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2023-12-15"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjonco.com/1028-9984/article/view/59331">https://rjonco.com/1028-9984/article/view/59331</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><italic>In the structure of gynecological oncological pathology, vulvar cancer is located after cancer of the body of the uterus, cervix, and ovaries. The first publications on the surgical treatment of vulvar cancer date back to the second half of the 19th century. In the works of surgeons F. J. Taussig (1949) and S. Way (1960), radical vulvectomy with regional lymphadenectomy became a method of treating patients with invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva. With this aggressive approach, sufficiently high levels of five-year survival of patients with vulvar cancer were achieved — up to 90% in a localized process, and up to 50% in the presence of metastases in regional lymph nodes. In the 1980s and 1990s, the transition from ultra-radical operations to economical, sparing ones became possible because of factors such as the introduction of the sentinel lymph node determination method. Ramon M. Cabanas in the 1960s first coined the term sentinel of signal lymph node. Surgical treatment for vulvar cancer has evolved over time, from extended, ultra-radical surgeries to a more individualized, conservative surgical approach, including widespread local excision with sentinel lymph node (SLN) detection instead of extended surgeries for early vulvar cancer. The evolution of the surgical treatment of vulvar cancer over the years is undoubtedly associated with the developments of the surgical technique, understanding of the biology of tumor growth, and radiation medicine along with the possibilities of drug therapy. The transition from simple tumor excision to extended, ultra-radical operations with inguinal-femoral, retroperitoneal, and pelvic lymphadenectomy made it possible to achieve good survival rates for this group of patients. In any case, further research is required to understand the adequate scope of surgical treatment for vulvar cancer.</italic></p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>Рак вульвы в структуре онкогинекологической патологии по частоте встречаемости находится после рака тела матки, шейки матки и яичников. Первые публикации, посвящённые хирургическому лечению рака вульвы, относятся ко второй половине XIX в. В работах хирургов F. J. Taussig (1949) и S. Way (1960) методом лечения больных инвазивным плоскоклеточным раком вульвы стала радикальная вульвэктомия с регионарной лимфаденэктомией. При данном агрессивном подходе достигались достаточно высокие уровни 5-летней выживаемости больных раком вульвы — до 90% при локализованном процессе, до 50% — при наличии метастазов в регионарных лимфатических узлах. В 1980–1990-х гг. переход от сверхрадикальных операций к экономным, щадящим стал возможен благодаря в том числе внедрению методики определения сторожевого лимфатического узла. Ramon M. Cabanas в 1960-х гг. впервые ввëл термин сторожевой, или сигнальный, лимфатический узел. Хирургическое лечение рака вульвы эволюционировало с течением времени, начиная с расширенных, сверхрадикальных операций к более индивидуализированному, консервативному хирургическому подходу, в том числе к широкой местной эксцизии с детекцией СЛУ вместо расширенных операций при раннем раке вульвы. Эволюция хирургического лечения рака вульвы на протяжении многих лет безусловно связана с развитием хирургической техники, пониманием биологии роста опухоли, развитием радиационной медицины и возможностей лекарственной терапии. Переход от простых иссечений опухоли до расширенных, сверхрадикальных операций с пахово-бедренными, забрюшинными, тазовыми ЛАЭ позволил достичь хороших показателей выживаемости данной группы пациенток. В любом случае необходимы дальнейшие исследования с целью понимания адекватного объëма хирургического лечения рака вульвы.</italic></p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vulvar cancer</kwd><kwd>surgical treatment</kwd><kwd>vulvectomy</kwd><kwd>inguinal-femoral lymphadenectomy</kwd><kwd>sentinel lymph node</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак вульвы</kwd><kwd>хирургическое лечение</kwd><kwd>вульвэктомия</kwd><kwd>пахово-бедренная лимфаденэктомия</kwd><kwd>сторожевой лимфатический узел</kwd><kwd>обзор</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nerodo GA, Nepomnyashchaya EM, Nerodo EA. Clinical course of vulvar cancer in patients of reproductive age. Kreativnaya khirurgiya i onkologiya. 2012;3:61–6. (In Russ).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Неродо Г.А., Непомнящая Е.М., Неродо Е.А. 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