Russian Journal of OncologyRussian Journal of OncologyРоссийский онкологический журнал1028-99842412-9119Eco-Vector69050610.17816/onco690506UBZCAMReviewsНаучные обзорыReview ArticleTargeted NGS panels in cancer: international standards and Russian solutions for personalized medicineТаргетные NGS-панели в онкологии: международные стандарты и отечественные решения на пути к персонализированной медицинеhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7283-00927900-9700GerashchenkoTatiana S.ГеращенкоТатьяна Сергеевна
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

канд. мед. наук

t_gerashchenko@oncology.tomsk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0051-88142934-7970GervasPolina A.ГервасПолина Анатольевна
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

канд. мед. наук

pgervas@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-1728-07233726-8132IbragimovaArina A.ИбрагимоваАрина Александровна
Russian Federation
arina.budnitskaya@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9474-93353235-1754ZuevAndrey S.ЗуевАндрей Сергеевич
Russian Federation
Andrew.zuev@medgenetics.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5040-931X5207-8330TretyakovaMaria S.ТретьяковаМария Сергеевна
Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Biology)

канд. биол. наук

trremar@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2179-56853546-0527BokovaUstinia A.БоковаУстинья Анатольевна
Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Biology)

канд. биол. наук

pushkay@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5705-84793441-8818VorobievRostislav S.ВоробьёвРостислав Сергеевич
Russian Federation
tsu@vorobev.suhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2923-97559498-5797DenisovEvgeny V.ДенисовЕвгений Владимирович
Russian Federation

Dr. Sci. (Biology)

д-р биол. наук

d_evgeniy@oncology.tomsk.ruTomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of SciencesТомский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук02122025251220253031701811709202517112025Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-VectorCopyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор2025Eco-VectorЭко-Векторhttps://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07https://rjonco.com/1028-9984/article/view/690506

A personalized approach is a priority in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Accurate diagnostic tests for assessing the tumor’s molecular characteristics and optimizing the treatment strategy are essential for effective personalized treatment. Multigene NGS panels simultaneously detect a variety of genetic disorders, including single nucleotide substitutions, insertions and deletions, DNA copy number variations, translocations, microsatellite instability, and tumor mutational burden. This is crucial for selecting targeted therapy and immunotherapy, assessing prognosis, and monitoring the progression of cancer. This review discusses the evolution of precision oncology in the 21st century, the possibilities and advantages of NGS in molecular oncology, the technical and analytical characteristics of various multigene NGS panels with both amplification-based and hybridization-based enrichment, and their clinical applications in molecular diagnostics. The review focuses specifically on existing Russian and international NGS technologies. It examines available Russian and international multigene NGS panels, including problems of their application in routine cancer care in Russia.

Персонализированный подход является приоритетным в диагностике и лечении онкологических заболеваний. Успех персонализированной терапии зависит от наличия точных диагностических тестов, направленных на определение молекулярных особенностей опухоли и оптимизацию стратегии лечения. Мультигенные NGS-панели позволяют единовременно выявлять широкий спектр генетических нарушений, включая однонуклеотидные замены, инсерции и делеции, нарушения числа копий ДНК, транслокации, микросателлитную нестабильность и мутационную нагрузку опухоли, что имеет принципиальное значение для выбора таргетной и иммунотерапии, оценки прогноза течения и мониторинга онкологического заболевания. В настоящем обзоре представлен комплексный взгляд на развитие прецизионной онкологии в XXI веке, рассмотрены возможности и преимущества NGS-диагностики в молекулярной онкологии, технические основы и аналитические характеристики различных типов мультигенных NGS-панелей, основанных как на амплификационном, так и на гибридизационном методе обогащения, и особенности их клинического применения в молекулярной диагностике. Особое внимание уделено текущему состоянию технологических решений для NGS-диагностики в России и за рубежом, подробно освещены доступные отечественные и зарубежные мультигенные NGS-панели, в том числе обозначены проблемы внедрения NGS-панелей в рутинную практику онкологических учреждений Российской Федерации.

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