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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Oncology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Oncology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский онкологический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1028-9984</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-9119</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">691719</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/onco691719</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">YCYLFW</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Biological activity of SAD-2: a novel original STING pathway activator</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Изучение биологической активности SAD-2 — нового оригинального активатора STING</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7115-7797</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8572-7717</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sadovskaya</surname><given-names>Yana O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Садовская</surname><given-names>Яна Олеговна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ja.sadovskaja@ronc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0218-8265</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4613-3230</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gusev</surname><given-names>Dmitriy V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусев</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Васильевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>d.gusev@ronc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0317-9948</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8054-2753</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karimova</surname><given-names>Anastasia O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каримова</surname><given-names>Анастасия Олеговна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>a.karimova@ronc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2292-8537</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryzhikov</surname><given-names>Mikhail A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыжиков</surname><given-names>Михаил Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>m.ryzhikov@ronc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6104-5233</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khotuleva</surname><given-names>Margarita G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хотулева</surname><given-names>Маргарита Геннадьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>m.khotuleva@ronc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0241-0065</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3667-5888</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaichenko</surname><given-names>Danila M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайченко</surname><given-names>Данила Михайлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>danilamihailovich@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5465-6094</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2807-7709</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Solopova</surname><given-names>Olga N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солопова</surname><given-names>Ольга Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><email>o.solopova@ronc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Research University Higher School of Economics</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-12-02" publication-format="electronic"><day>02</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-25" publication-format="electronic"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>247</fpage><lpage>258</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-09-30"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-11-24"><day>24</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-12-25"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjonco.com/1028-9984/article/view/691719">https://rjonco.com/1028-9984/article/view/691719</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND: </bold>STING pathway activators with targeted delivery to tumor nodules are a promising option in cancer immunotherapy, especially as immunoconjugates. Existing compounds, such as MSA-2, are insufficiently effective as active immunoconjugate components, necessitating the development of new, more active compounds.</p> <p><bold>AIM: </bold>The work aimed to examine the biological activity of the new compound SAD-2 and assess its potential as a new immunobiological drug for cancer therapy.</p> <p><bold>METHODS: </bold>The work used contemporary methods of fine organic synthesis and analysis of the resulting compounds. MSA-2 was obtained from veratrole by multistage synthesis. SAD-2 was synthesized from MSA-2 by esterification with isopropyl alcohol in the presence of thionyl chloride. The antiproliferative activity of the compounds was assessed by the MTT method using colorectal cancer cell lines and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The induction of the interferon beta gene was assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction using the human monocytic cell line THP-1.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS: </bold>The new compound SAD-2 had 200–500 times higher antiproliferative activity according to IC<sub>50</sub> than the existing compound MSA-2. Both MSA-2 and SAD-2 are active only in the presence of immune cells. SAD-2 showed 5–60 times higher relative induction of the <italic>IFNB1</italic> gene than MSA-2, depending on the incubation time.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION: </bold>SAD-2 is a promising new compound for developing immunoconjugates for targeted STING pathway activation in tumor nodules.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Активаторы STING с направленной доставкой в опухолевые узлы обладают высоким потенциалом в иммунотерапии рака, особенно в формате иммуноконъюгатов. Известные соединения, такие как MSA-2, не обладают достаточной активностью для их использования в качестве активной составляющей иммуноконъюгата, поэтому требуется разработка новых, более активных соединений.</p> <p><bold>Цель.</bold> Изучение биологической активности нового соединения SAD-2 и оценка его перспективности с целью разработки нового иммунобиологического препарата для терапии злокачественных новообразований.</p> <p><bold>Методы. </bold>Использованы современные методы тонкого органического синтеза и анализа полученных соединений.<bold> </bold>Соединение MSA-2 получали исходя из вератрола многостадийным синтезом. Соединение SAD-2 синтезировали из MSA-2 методом этерификации изопропиловым спиртом в присутствии тионилхлорида. Антипролиферативную активность<bold> </bold>соединений определяли методом МТТ с использованием клеточных линий колоректального рака и мононуклеаров периферической крови человека. Оценку индукции гена интерферона бета проводили методом полимеразной цепной реакции в реальном времени с использованием моноцитарной клеточной линии человека THP-1.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>Получено новое соединение SAD-2, превосходящее по антипролиферативной активности известное соединение MSA-2 в 200–500 раз по показателю IC<sub>50</sub>, при этом активность как MSA-2, так и SAD-2 проявляется только в присутствии иммунных клеток. По относительной индукции гена <italic>IFNB1</italic> новое соединение превосходит MSA-2 в 5–60 раз в зависимости от времени инкубации.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Новое<bold> </bold>соединение SAD-2 является перспективным кандидатом для разработки препаратов для направленной активации сигнального пути STING в опухолевых узлах в формате иммуноконъюгата.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cancer immunotherapy</kwd><kwd>activators</kwd><kwd>STING</kwd><kwd>immunoconjugate</kwd><kwd>SAD-2</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>иммунотерапия рака</kwd><kwd>активаторы</kwd><kwd>STING</kwd><kwd>иммуноконъюгат</kwd><kwd>SAD-2</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Министерство здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>056-00065-23 ПР</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Couillin I, Riteau N. 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