Cytogeography of the polyploid complex Bassia prostratА s. l. (Chenopodiaceae) based on genome size analysis and PCR-RFLP cpDNA

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Abstract

The cytogeography of the polyploid complex Bassia prostrata s. l. was studied by flow cytometry (FCM) on material from 39 populations in Armenia, Kazakhstan and Russia. Based on the determination of the DNA content in the nuclei (2C-value), three cytotypes were identified: diploid (2n = 18), tetraploid (2n = 36) and hexaploid (2n = 54). Verification of the ploidy level determined by DNA content was carried out by parallel direct counting of the chromosome number. Most of the studied populations are represented by a single cytotype; in three populations mixed ploidy is noted, when tetraploids or hexaploids are found along with diploids. The genetic isolation of chloroplast DNA of diploid and polyploid cytotypes was revealed. Presumable variants of the evolutionary relationship of cytotypes are shown based on cpDNA restriction spectra.

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About the authors

T. V. Pankova

Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: ankova_tv@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, 630090

M. N. Lomonosova

Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: ankova_tv@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, 630090

O. V. Vaulin

Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: ankova_tv@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, 630090

A. Yu. Korolyuk

Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: ankova_tv@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, 630090

E. A. Korolyuk

Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: ankova_tv@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, 630090

D. N. Shaulo

Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: ankova_tv@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, 630090

B. Osmonali

Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction

Email: ankova_tv@mail.ru
Kazakhstan, Almaty, 050040

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Histograms of the fluorescence intensity of B. prostrata samples of different ploidy. On the abscissa axis are the values of relative fluorescence; on the ordinate axis are the number of nuclei. 1, 2, are the peaks of fluorescence of Bassia prostratea, Pt is the peak of fluorescence of the Petroselinum crispum standard (2C = 4.50 pg), PS is the peak of fluorescence of the Pisum sativum standard (2C = 9.09 pg); a is population No. 7 (2x); b – population No. 17 (4x); c – population No. 38 (6x); d – population No. 26 - mixed (6x); e – population No. 26-mixed (2x); e – population No. 34-mixed (4x) . The index is the ratio of the values of the genome size (2C) of the sample and the standard.

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3. Fig. 2. Average values of genome size (GS, 2C) for the studied populations of B. prostrata. The unpainted segments correspond to mixed populations, the population numbers correspond to Table 1.

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4. Fig. 3. Box-plot of the genome size of three cytotypes of B. prostrata (according to Kruskal–Wallis). The boundaries of the rectangle are defined by the 1st and 3rd quartiles (25th and 75th percentiles), the horizontal segment inside the rectangle is the median, the vertical segment corresponds to the minimum and maximum values.

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5. Fig. 4. Electrophoregrams of restriction of chloroplast DNA sites for Bassia prostrata s. l. samples of various ploidy. 2x are diploids (population 14), 4x are tetraploids (population 18), 6x are hexaploids (population 38). The track on the right is a marker of molecular weights of 100 mon + 1.5 + 3 tn.

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6. Fig. 5. Variants of the evolutionary relationship between ploidy and restriction spectra of cpDNA sites.

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7. Fig. 6. Geographical distribution of B. prostrata cytotypes according to genome size data. Gray icons are our data, white ones are based on literary sources; the level of ploidy: circle – 2x, triangle – 4x, rhombus – 6x, star – mixoploid population.

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