Russian-Language Version of the “Experiences in Close Relationships — Relationship Structures Questionnaire” by R. Fraley, M. Heffernan, A. Vicary, C. Brumbaugh (ECR-RS-Rus)
- Authors: Sabelnikova N.V.1,2, Kashirsky D.V.3,4, Nefedova A.V.5
-
Affiliations:
- Altai State Pedagogical University
- Higher School of Economics
- Russian State University for the Humanities
- Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
- Vladimir State University by A.G and N.G. Stoletov's
- Issue: Vol 45, No 4 (2024)
- Pages: 97-113
- Section: Methodes and procedures
- URL: https://rjonco.com/0205-9592/article/view/660943
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.31857/S0205959224040105
- ID: 660943
Cite item
Abstract
J. Modern research has proven that an adult possesses a flexible, complex system of attachments. To explore the role of an individual’s attachment to different figures in diverse contexts of his/her life, researchers need reliable and valid instruments designed for this purpose. One of such measures is a questionnaire developed by R. Fraley and colleagues for English-speaking population — “Experience of close relationships — Relationship structures” (ECR-RS). The article presents the results of ECR-RS validation for Russian respondents. The sample comprised 668 students of Moscow, Barnaul and Vladimir universities, aged from 17 to 39 (M = 19.54; SD = 2.33; Md = 19.00), female — 84.7%. The results show that the construct and discriminant validity, and reliability of the Russian-language version of ECR-RS have been proven. Descriptive statistics for the measure are presented. The results of the study suggest that ECR-RS-Rus is an appropriate measure of the quality of attachment to different close people.
Full Text

About the authors
N. V. Sabelnikova
Altai State Pedagogical University; Higher School of Economics
Author for correspondence.
Email: nsabelni@mail.ru
PhD (Psychology), Associate Professor, Institute of Psychology and Pedagogics, Department of Psychology; Associate Fellow, Center for Sociocultural Research
Russian Federation, 656031, Barnaul, Molodezhnaya str., 55; 101000, Moscow, Myasnitskaya str., 20D. V. Kashirsky
Russian State University for the Humanities; Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Email: psymath@mail.ru
ScD (Psychology), Professor, Head of the Department of General Psychology; Professor, Department of Psychology and Human Capital Development
Russian Federation, 125047, Moscow, Miusskaya square, 6; 125993, Moscow, Leningradsky pr., 49/2A. V. Nefedova
Vladimir State University by A.G and N.G. Stoletov's
Email: a.nefyodova@yandex.ru
Senior Lecturer, Chair of Social Pedagogics and Psychology
Russian Federation, 600000, Vladimir, Gor'kogo str., 87References
- Boulbi Dzh. Privyazannost’. Moscow: Gardariki, 2003. (In Russian)
- Kazantseva T.V. Adaptatsiya modifitsirovannoy metodiki “Opyt blizkikh otnosheniy” K. Brennan i R.K. Freyli. Izvestiya Rossiyskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta im. A.I. Gertsena. 2008. № 74–2. P. 139–143. (In Russian)
- Sabelnikova N.V. Osobennosti razvitiya privyazannosti u detey i podrostkov. Vestnik BGPU. 2007. P. 54–60. (In Russian)
- Sabelnikova N.V. Metody issledovaniya privyazannosti v protsesse vozrastnogo razvitiya v sovremennoy zarubezhnoy psikhologii. Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Seriya 12: Psikhologiya. Sotsiologiya. Pedagogika. 2008. № 3. P. 36–47. (In Russian)
- Sabelnikova N.V. Teoriya i metodologiya issledovaniya privyazannosti v psikhologii: istoriya, problemy i perspektivy. Barnaul: Izd-vo AEEP, 2015. (In Russian)
- Sabelnikova N.V., Kashirsky D.V. Oprosnik privyazannosti k blizkim lyudyam. Psikhologicheskii zhurnal. 2015. V. 36. № 4. P. 84–97. (In Russian)
- Sabelnikova N.V., Kashirsky D.V., Sadovnikova T.YU. Russkoyazychnaya versiya “Oprosnika privyazannosti k roditelyam i sverstnikam” G. Armsdena i M. Grinberga. Psikhologicheskii zhurnal. 2023. V. 44. № 2. P. 89–104. (In Russian)
- Chistopol’skaya K.A. et. al. Adaptatsiya kratkoy versii “Pererabotannogo oprosnika — Opyt blizkikh otnosheniy” (ECR-R) na russkoyazychnoy vyborke. Psikhologicheskii zhurnal. 2018. V. 39. № 5. P. 87–98. (In Russian)
- Ainsworth M.D.S. Attachments beyond infancy. American Psychologist. 1989. V. 44. P. 709–716.
- Armsden G.C., Greenberg M.T. The Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment: Individual differences and their relationship to psychological well-being in adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence. 1987. № 16 (5). P. 427–454.
- Baldwin M.W., Keelan J.P.R., Fehr B., Enns V., Koh-Rangarajoo E. Social-cognitive conceptualization of attachment working models: Availability and accessibility effects. Journ. of personality and social psychology. 1996. V. 71. № 1. P. 94.
- Brennan K.A., Clark C.L., Shaver P.R. Self-report measurement of adult romantic attachment: An integrative overview. Attachment theory and close relationshipsю Eds. Simpson J.A., Rholes W.S. New York: Guilford Press, 1998. P. 46–76.
- Cassidy J., Shaver Ph. (Eds.). Handbook of Attachment: Theory, Research, and Clinical Implications. 3d ed. New York: The Gulford Press, 2018.
- Del Giudice M. Sex differences in romantic attachment: a meta-analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. 2011. V. 37. № 2. P. 193–214. DOI: 10.1177/ 0146167210392789.
- Diener M.L., Diener-McGavran M.B. What makes people happy? A developmental approach to the literature on family relationships and well-being. The science of subjective well-being. Eds. M. Eid, R.J. Larsen. New York: The Guilford Press, 2008. P. 347–375.
- Ehrenthal J.C., Dinger U., Lamla A., Funken B., Schauenburg H. Evaluation der deutschsprachigen Version des Bindungsfragebogens “Experiences in Close Relationships–Revised” (ECR-RD). PPmP-Psychotherapie· Psychosomatik· Medizinische Psychologie. 2008. P. 215–223.
- Feddern Donbaek D., Elklit A. A validation of the Experiences in Close Relationships-Relationship Structures scale (ECR-RS) in Adolescents. Attachment & Human Development. 2013. V. 16 (1). P. 58–76. DOI: 10.1080/ 14616734.2013.850103.
- Fraley R.C., Heffernan M.E., Vicary A.M., Brumbaugh C.C. The experiences in close relationships — Relationship Structures Questionnaire: A method for assessing attachment orientations across relationships. Psychological Assessment. 2011. V. 23. № 3. P. 615–625. doi: 10.1037/a0022898.
- Fraley R.C., Waller N.G., Brennan K.A. An item response theory analysis of self-report measures of adult attachment. Journ. of Personality and Social Psychology. 2000. V. 78 (2). P. 350–365. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.78.2.350.
- Friedlmeier W., Granqvist P. Attachment transfer among Swedish and German adolescents: A prospective longitudinal study. Personal Relationships. 2006. V. 13. № 3. P. 261–279. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6811.2006.00117.x.
- Gillath O., Karantzas G. Attachment Security and Prosociality. Handbook of Personal Security Routledge. 2015. doi: 10.4324/9781315713595.ch10.
- Gillath O., Karantzas С.G., Lee J. Attachment and social networks. Current Opinion in Psychology. 2019. V. 25. P. 21–25. doi: 10.1016/J.Copsyc.2018.02.010.
- Gyongyver J., Andras V. Hungarian adaptation of the experiences in close relationships — relationship structures questionnaire in an adult sample. A felnott kotodes korszeru meresi lehetosege: a kozvetlen kapcsolatok elmenyei-kapcsolati strukturak (ECR-RS) kotodesi kerdoiv magyar adaptacioja parkapcsolatban elo felnott szemelyeknel. Magyar Pszichológiai Szemle. 2016. V. 71. № 3. P. 447–471.
- Karataş S., Demir İ. Attachment avoidance and anxiety in adolescence: Turkish adaptation of the experiences in close relationships — relationship structures scale. Psychological Reports. 2019. V. 122. № 4. P. 1372–1394.
- Kumar R.M. Assessing the Psychometric Properties of Hindi Version of Relationship Structure (ECR-RS) Scale among Young Adults. Journ. of Psychological Research. 2021. V. 3. № 3. P. 51–57.
- Mikulincer M., Shaver P.R. Attachment in adulthood: Structure, dynamics, and change. The Guilford Press, 2018.
- Rocha G.M.A.D., Peixoto E.M., Nakano T.D.C., Motta I.F.D., Wiethaeuper D. The experiences in close relationships-relationship structures questionnaire (ECR-RS): Validity evidence and reliability. Psico-USF. 2017. V. 22. P. 121–132.
- Ruvolo A.P., Fabin L.A., Ruvolo C.M. Relationship experiences and change in attachment characteristics of young adults: The role of relationship breakups and conflict avoidance. Personal Relationships. 2001. V. 8. P. 265–281. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6811.2001.tb00040.x.
- Sarling A., Jansson B., Englén M., Bjärtå A., Rondung E., Sundin Ö. Psychometric properties of the Swedish version of the experiences in close relationships — relationship structures questionnaire (ECR-RS global nine-item version). Cogent Psychology. 2021. V. 8. № 1. 1926080, doi: 10.1080/23311908.2021.1926080.
- Siroňová A., Cígler H., Ježek S., Lacinová L. Psychometric characteristics of the ECR-RS, structure of the relationship between global and specific attachment — cross-validation of the results using the Czech and original versions of the ECR-RS. Studia Psychologica. 2020. V. 62. № 4. P. 291–313.
- Valdez G.F. Comparing Adult Attachment Styles among Hispanic and Non-Hispanic Undergraduate College Students Using the Experiences in Close Relationships Revised Structures (ECRRS). Theses & Dissertations. 2017. № 16. URL: https://commons.stmarytx.edu/dissertations/16 (date of access: 01.02.2024).
- Waters E., Hamilton C.E., Weinfield N. The stability of attachment security from infancy to adolescence and early adulthood: General introduction. Child Development. 2000. V. 71. P. 678–683. DOI: 10.1111/ 1467-8624.00175.
- Zeifman D., Hazan C. Pair bonds as attachments: Mounting evidence in support of Bowlby’s hypothesis. In Handbook of attachment: theory, research, and clinical applications. Eds. J. Cassidy, P.R. Shaver. New York, NY: Guilford Press, 2018. P. 436–354.
- Zhang Q., Hou Z.J., Fraley R.C., Hu Y., Zhang X., Zhang J., Guo X. Validating the Experiences in Close Relationships–Relationship Structures Scale among Chinese Children and Adolescents. Journ. of Personality Assessment. 2022. V. 104. № 3. P. 347–358.
Supplementary files
