Perceived Trajectories of Cyclic Sound Movement

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Abstract

Binaural beats are a phenomenon that occurs during dichotic stimulation due to binaural integration. It takes the form of cyclic movement of the sound image in the listener’s acoustic space when the beat frequency range is below 3 Hz. Our subjects used the inserted earphones to listen to the stimuli that created a sense of sound movement due to changes in the interaural time difference (ITD). We used three types of dichotic stimuli which simulated smooth azimuthal cyclic movement and cyclic abrupt shifts. The ITD changes determined central or lateral positions of movement trajectories. The results confirm that both types of movement created the effect of binaural beats. The range of beats depended on the spatial position of the trajectory: in the frontal sector of acoustic space, the range of beats was greater than on the left or right. The perceived trajectories of smooth motion were shorter than the trajectories of abrupt shift. The influence of spatial position on the perceived trajectory length is interpreted from the standpoint of nonlinear features of lateralization. It is suggested that the effect of ITD pattern on the perceived trajectory length is mediated by temporal integration mechanisms of binaural hearing.

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About the authors

L. B Shestopalova

Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the RAS

Author for correspondence.
Email: shestopalovalb@infran.ru
Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

E. A. Petropavlovskaya

Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the RAS

Email: shestopalovalb@infran.ru
Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

D. A. Salikova

Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the RAS

Email: shestopalovalb@infran.ru
Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

P. I. Letyagin

Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the RAS

Email: shestopalovalb@infran.ru
Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

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2. Fig. 1. Changes in interaural latency magnitude in binaural sound stimuli modelling smooth and stepped cyclic motion. Top: temporal structure of the stimuli within a single trial. Horizontal line: time (ms), vertical line: interaural delay magnitude (ΔT, µs). Different initial values of ΔT determine different positions of cyclic motion trajectories in subjective auditory space. Bottom: schematic of dichotic stimulation in one cycle of a linear pattern (from 0 µs to 800 µs and back to 0 µs). The head schematics conventionally depict sequential changes in the position of the sound image according to changes in ΔT

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3. Fig. 2. Perceived angular position of the trajectories of moving stimuli and stationary reference stimuli. Arcs correspond to the trajectories of moving stimuli. Black dots and dashed lines correspond to the position of the reference stimuli. Squares on the arcs mark the position of the stationary region in the stimulus. The diagrams on the left show two pairs of lateral trajectories - left-sided (LC and CL) and right-sided (PC and CP); the diagrams on the right show a pair of central trajectories (PL and LP)

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4. Fig. 3. Angular distance between stationary repertoires and lengths of cyclic motion trajectories. Horizontal lines are significant differences in pairwise comparisons (p < 0.001). Vertical dashes indicate the standard error of the mean. Vertical lines are angular distances in degrees, horizontal lines are stimulus type

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