Composite ceramic wall materials based on the Tyulgan coal mine deposit products

The results of research into the possibility of clays and lignite from the Tyulganskoye deposit (Orenburg region) complex utilization for the production of ceramic bricks with improved properties are presented. The composition and thermal characteristics of raw material components were studied by chemical, mineralogical and differential-thermal analysis. It was found that red clays are characterized by high plasticity (plasticity number 23.1–23.3%) and SiO₂, Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃ contain which provides their necessary technological sinterability. It is established that one of the white clay group rock-forming minerals of this deposit is kaolinite which provides raw materials high molding properties and sinterability. Brown coal during firing acts as a gas-forming additive, forming a porous structure and reducing energy consumption. The key temperature transformations: dehydration, clay-forming minerals destruction, impurity carbonate inclusions and the mullite formation process beginning, were revealed by DTA-analysis. It is determined that the joint use of two clays and low-heat coal varieties combination allows to improve the bricks thermal insulation properties, as well as to reduce the energy consumption during firing and its cost price. It is important to note that the use of local low-grade raw materials and coal mining waste not only improves the production technical and economic performance, but also help solving important environmental problems of the region. The obtained results open prospects for the new energy-efficient building materials creation with improved performance characteristics.