The relationship between body mass index and mental disorders in the adult population

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Abstract

The purpose of the work is to study the features of the body mass index (BMI) in schizophrenia patients (SP) who live in Chuvashia.

Material and methods. 607 SP were examined (307 men and 300 women) aged 18 to 82 (average - 44.51 ± 12.3 years). The diagnosis of schizophrenia met the criteria for ICD-10 (F20-29); disease duration ranged from 0 to 52 years (mean - 18.9 ± 10.7 years). BMI was taken into account according to the Ketle index. For each SP, a survey card with clinical, therapeutic, and socio-demographic indices was filled out. The comparison group included a sample of 3417 residents of Chuvashia. Mathematical and statistical processing was carried out using descriptive statistics and χ2 distribution.

Results. 9.2% of SP had underweight, 54.2% - normal body weight, 36.6% - excess body weight and obesity. Among women there were significantly more persons with increased BMI and obesity, among men - with normal BMI. In SP, BMI did not depend on the group of taken antipsychotics (typical, atypical, mixed-use) and the disease’s duration. With patients’ age, BMI increased to excess BMI (25-29.9 kg/m2). Among SP, persons with underweight were much more common (among healthy people, 2% vs 9.2% in SP). From 40 years of age and older, among the healthy population, persons with an increased BMI and obesity begin to predominate significantly compared with the SP group. Observations of BMI during inpatient treatment from 1.5 to 22 months showed multidirectional dynamics, including increased body weight in 42.2% of SP, a decrease in 30.1%, without changes in BMI in 27.7%; it was not possible to retrospectively identify any patterns of BMI fluctuations.

Conclusion. The revealed paradoxes of BMI for SP in Chuvashia, especially a high proportion of SP with underweight, require refinement considering ethnic, genetic, sex and age, hormon and metabolic factors.

About the authors

Andrei V. Golenkov

Chuvash State University named after I.N. Ulyanov

Author for correspondence.
Email: golenkovav@inbox.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3799-0736

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Psychiatry, Medical Psychology and Neurology of the Chuvash State University named after I.N. Ulyanov Cheboksary, 428015, Russia.

e-mail: golenkovav@inbox.ru

Russian Federation

Igor V. Madyanov

Chuvash State University named after I.N. Ulyanov

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8750-2799
Russian Federation

Svetlana V. Shmeleva

K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (the First Cossack University)

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0390-194X
Russian Federation

Galina D. Petrova

Research Institute of Health Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare Department

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9919-2548
Russian Federation

Natalya N. Kamynina

Research Institute of Health Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare Department

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0925-5822
Russian Federation

Nikita V. Logachov

State University of Management

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5001-8503
Russian Federation

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Copyright (c) 2021 Golenkov A.V., Madyanov I.V., Shmeleva S.V., Petrova G.D., Kamynina N.N., Logachov N.V.

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