The prevalence of oncological diseases among the population of the Siberia region and the Far East

The purpose of the study was to analyze cancer incidence in Siberia and the Russian Far East in 2010–2021. 

Materials and methods. We used data from population-based cancer registries in 21 administrative territories of Siberia and the Russian Far East for 2010–2021. The calculations were carried out using the direct standardization method. 

Results. In 2021, the most common cancer sites in males were: lung (18.7%), prostate (14.1%) and colorectum (11.1%); in females: breast (21.0%), skin (12.6%) and colorectum (11.3%). From 2010 to 2019, the overall cancer incidence rate increased by 26.7%. Age-standardized incidence rates in males increased from 301.2 to 332.1⁰/₀₀₀₀. For females, age-standardized incidence rates increased from 220.8 to 256.1⁰/₀₀₀₀.

In 2020, cancer incidence rates decreased, the overall decline was 12.9%. Age-standardized cancer incidence rates in males and females were 288.5 and 223.2 per 100 000 population, respectively. In 2021, the corresponding rates for males and females were 288.2 and 235.8⁰/₀₀₀₀, respectively. 

Limitations. To assess the prevalence of oncological diseases in the territories of Siberia and the Russian Far East 1 233 759 new cases of malignant neoplasms were analyzed over 12 years, which is a sufficient reference sample.

Conclusion. In Siberia and the Russian Far East, cancer incidence rates in 2020 were lower than in 2019 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to the reduction in the number of cases diagnosed and referred for the first-line treatment. In 2021, an increase in the age-standardized cancer incidence rate was observed, with the age at diagnosis tended to be younger. In 2010, 80–84 years men and 75–79 years women exhibited the highest incidence rates (2536.5 and 1246.8⁰/₀₀₀₀, respectively). In 2021, the highest cancer incidence rates for males and females were observed in the 70 to 74 years group (2717.1 and 1402.6⁰/₀₀₀₀, respectively). 

Compliance with ethical standards. This research requires no any examination by a local ethics committee.

Contribution of the authors:
Zhuikova L.D. — study design, writing of the manuscript;
Choynzonov E.L. — study design, writing of the manuscript;
Ananina O.A. — data collection and analysis;
Pikalova L.V. — data analysis, writing of the manuscript;
Kononova G.A. — data collection and analysis.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of its final version.

Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest. 

Received: September 22, 2022
Accepted: October 05, 2022
Published: February 28, 2023