The influence of age, waist circumference and smoking on the respiratory function indices on the example of employees of a chrome ore mine

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Abstract

Introduction. Employees engaged in mining are exposed to several harmful (hazardous) occupation factors: dust factor, industrial noise, general and local vibration, hard labour, heating or cooling microclimate.

The paper aims at studying the influence of the length of employment in underground chrome ore mining coupled with biological (age, obesity) and behavioral (smoking) parameters on spirometric bronchial obstruction indices.

Material and methods. The study included 134 employees of a chrome ore mine having underground experience from 1 to 33 years. The comparison group comprised of 404 people who had never worked in a mine. External respiration function was evaluated using the Spirometer SP-1 (Schiller). Statistical processing was carried out using the SPSS 22. One-factor and multi-factor linear regression models were built.

Results. The construction of one-factor linear regression models of the dependence of FEV1%, FVC% considering the selected independent factors (age, waist circumference, smoking experience, underground experience) showed a statistically significant effect on the dependent variable of all factors in the model (R2 = 0.010–0.135; p = 0.026–0.0001). The variability of obstructive parameters in a multi-factor linear regression model occurs not often in terms of the studied factors (as for FEV1%, R2 = 0.163; as for FVC%, R2 = 0.107). Smoking experience and waist circumference are the most significant factors leading to the decrease in these indices. Age and underground work experience are less important, but statistically significant.

Limitations. The limitation of the results of the study was that they characterize a specific set of certain working conditions and lifestyles of workers in chromium mines.

Conclusion. A small part of the impact on the obstruction indices of underground work experience might be due to the use of modern engineering systems to eliminate the harmful effects of occupation factors, as well as personal respiratory protection from dust exposure.

Compliance with ethical standards: The study program was approved by the ethics committee of the FBSI «Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies» (protocol No. 16 dated February 05, 2018). All patients were informed about the purpose of the study, and voluntary informed consent was obtained.

Contribution:
Nosov A.E. — concept, research design, collection of material, statistical processing, text writing.
Vlasova E.M. — concept, text writing.
Ustinova O.Yu. — concept, editing.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of its final version.

Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Received: October 29, 2020
Accepted: March 03, 2021
Published: June 28, 2022

About the authors

Alexander N. Nosov

Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies

Author for correspondence.
Email: nosov@fcrisk.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0539-569X

MD, PhD, Head of Inpatient Department, Clinic of Occupational Medicine, Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Perm, 614045, Russian Federation.

e-mail: nosov@fcrisk.ru

Russian Federation

Elena M. Vlasova

Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3344-3361
Russian Federation

Olga Yu. Ustinova

Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9916-5491
Russian Federation

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