Exosomal microRNAs in Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Global statistics show that the incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer are rising, particularly among young adults (< 50 years of age) in developed and developing countries. This requires the search for non-invasive colorectal cancer biomarkers.

AIM: The study aimed to identify exosomal microRNA targets for diagnosing colorectal cancer in patients over and under 50 years of age.

METHODS: Next-generation sequencing was performed on plasma samples from 10 patients (6 men and 4 women) between the ages of 32 and 65 diagnosed with colorectal cancer followed by hydrodynamic diameter analysis of exosomes measured by dynamic light scattering in triplicate.

RESULTS: Nine microRNAs that are characteristic of colorectal cancer were identified in exosomes: miR-26b, miR-124-1, miR-518b, miR-520d, miR-518d, miR-612, miR-1283-1, and miR-1260 for patients > 50 years, and miR-4510 for patients < 50 years.

CONCLUSION: The non-invasive diagnosis of colorectal cancer using exosomal microRNAs shows high potential across age groups. However, challenges in reproducing this technique in routine clinical practice require further research.

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About the authors

Margarita S. Serbaeva

Kryzhanovsky Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary; Professor Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: serbaeva94@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0007-3268-2535
SPIN-code: 4662-4362
Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk; Krasnoyarsk

Sergey A. Vorobyev

Krasnoyarsk Science Centre of the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: yekspatz@yandex.ru
SPIN-code: 7747-0299

MD, Cand. Sci. (Chemistry)

Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk

Tatiana G. Ruksha

Professor Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University

Email: tatyana_ruksha@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8142-4283
SPIN-code: 5412-2148

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk

Ruslan A. Zukov

Kryzhanovsky Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary; Professor Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University

Email: zukov_rus@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7210-3020
SPIN-code: 3632-8415

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk; Krasnoyarsk

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2. Fig. 1. Distribution analysis using the Volcano plot method.

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3. Fig. 2. PCA-analysis of exosomal microRNAs.

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